Today's KNOWLEDGE Share:𝐁𝐨𝐥𝐭 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐞𝐬 (8.8) 𝐯𝐬. (10.9)

Today's KNOWLEDGE Share

𝐁𝐨𝐥𝐭 𝐆𝐫𝐚𝐝𝐞𝐬 (8.8) 𝐯𝐬. (10.9)

𝗕𝗼𝗹𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲 (8.8)

Grade 8.8 bolts are made of medium carbon alloy steel.

They have a minimum tensile strength of 800 MPa and a minimum yield strength of 640 MPa.

These bolts are known for their moderate strength and durability.

They are commonly used in machinery, automotive parts, and general engineering applications.

𝗕𝗼𝗹𝘁 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲 (10.9)

Grade 10.9 bolts are made of alloy steel and have a higher strength than Grade 8.8 bolts.

They have a minimum tensile strength of 1000 MPa and a minimum yield strength of 900 MPa.

These bolts are specifically designed for applications that require high strength and reliability.They are commonly used in structural steel connections, heavy machinery, and automotive engine components.

𝗦𝗼, 𝘄𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘀𝗲𝘁𝘀 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲 (10.9) 𝗯𝗼𝗹𝘁𝘀 𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁 𝗳𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗚𝗿𝗮𝗱𝗲 (8.8) 𝗯𝗼𝗹𝘁𝘀?

Grade 10.9 bolts have higher tensile and yield strength, allowing them to withstand greater loads and stresses.

They are ideal for heavy-duty applications.

Grade 10.9 bolts are more durable and resistant to fatigue.

They can withstand challenging conditions and provide long-lasting performance.

Due to their higher tensile strength, Grade 10.9 bolts can achieve a higher preload.This provides better clamping force and improves joint integrity.

Grade 10.9 bolts are often used in critical or safety-sensitive applications where strength and reliability are vital.

Grade 8.8 bolts are suitable for general-purpose applications.

Source:Karim Nabil

Follow: http://polymerguru.blogspot.com

#metal #metalindustry #bolts #fasteners #mechanicalengineering

 #steelstructures #EN1090 #asme #welding #weldinginspection #construction #fabrication #piping #steel #quality #qualitycontrol #qualityassurance #pressurevessels #tanks #oilandgas #powerindustry

Today's KNOWLEDGE Share:Carbon fiber driveshaft catastrophical

 Today's KNOWLEDGE Share

#Carbonfiber driveshafts are an advanced and sought-after component in high-performance vehicles due to their exceptional properties and numerous advantages.

However, when shit hits the fan... They can fail catastrophically like the one in this picture! 

Can you think of possible reasons as to why this part failed? 

Source:#managingcomposites #thenativelab

Follow: http://polymerguru.blogspot.com

#composites

Solvay Showcases Advanced Polymers for Semiconductors at Semicon Taiwan 2023

Solvay has announced that it is participating in Semicon Taiwan 2023 to present its comprehensive materials portfolio for the global and local semiconductors manufacturing industry.

In addition, the company will highlight the upcoming start of operations at its Taiwan-based Shinsol Advanced Chemicals #jointventure plant for the production of electronic-grade #hydrogen peroxide.

Sustainable Alternative to PFA and PTFE:

Solvay also presents several material solutions with an advanced sustainability profile. New bio-based polymer chemistry addresses ambitious environmental targets. Non-fluorosurfactant (NFS) Tecnoflon® #FKM and more sustainably produced Tecnoflon® #FFKM #elastomers show excellent plasma resistance for dry etch seal fabrication and a wide service temperature range, while exhibiting extremely low particle generation. And Halar® ECTFE grades provide a more sustainable alternative to #PFA and #PTFE for wet process applications.

Many of Solvay’s specialty polymers also extend into wafer handling, duct coating, filters, piping and tubing as well as BEOL processes from wafer level packaging (WLP) to probing and testing. The portfolio is complemented by dedicated specialty chemicals such as cleaning gas for etching, Interox® hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for optimized wet etching and Cypure® PH3 cylindered phosphine dopant gas. All of these process chemicals, including fluids with very low #globalwarming potential, offer the highest levels of purity, quality and consistency in the market.

In line with the company’s continuing efforts to ensure the long-term supply security of its #specialtychemicals, #Solvay has invested in a new joint venture plant for the production of #electronic-grade H2O2, an indispensable chemical agent in wafer cleaning. Located at Tainan Technology Industry Park, the plant is scheduled for commissioning in the fourth quarter of 2023 with an initial capacity of 30,000 tons per year. It builds on Solvay’s experience with other H2O2 plants already operating in Asia, Europe and the United States and complies with strict international standards of quality, sustainability and environmental safety.

Source: Solvay/omnexus-specialchem

Follow: http://polymerguru.blogspot.com

Today's KNOWLEDGE Share Sir William Ramsay-Nobel Prize 1904

Today's KNOWLEDGE Share

Sir William Ramsay-Nobel Prize 1904

The Discovery of Argon

William Ramsay's involvement in the discovery of the noble gases argon, neon, krypton and xenon formed an entirely new group in the periodic table and earned him a Nobel Prize.

Ramsay was born in Glasgow in 1852 and studied there and in Tübingen, Germany, completing a doctorate in organic chemistry and a thesis entitled Investigations in the Toluic and Nitrotoluic Acids. His first academic posts were at the Universities of Glasgow and Bristol, where he conducted research on organic chemistry and gases. He joined SCI at its foundation in 1881. Together with William Shenstone, the Head of Science at Clifton College, he set up and actively promoted the Bristol Scientific Club.

In 1887 Ramsay became Professor of Chemistry at University College London, where he made his most notable discoveries, and his early papers on the oxides of nitrogen were well regarded by his peers. He also became known for his inventive and thorough experimental techniques, especially his methods for determining the molecular weights of substances in the liquid state.

In 1894 Ramsay attended a lecture given by the physicist Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt). Rayleigh had noticed a discrepancy between the density of nitrogen made by chemical synthesis, and nitrogen isolated from the air by removing its other known components. The two collaborated, and some months later Ramsay told Rayleigh he had isolated a previously unknown heavy component of air, which had no obvious chemical reactivity, which he named argon, after the Greek word for inactive.

While investigating for argon in a uranium-bearing mineral, Ramsay found a new element, helium. Since 1868, helium had been known to exist, but only in the sun! This discovery led him to suggest the existence of a new group of elements in the periodic table. With colleagues he then followed this with the discovery of neon, krypton, and xenon, and in 1910, radon. Ramsay and Rayleigh received the Nobel Prizes in 1904 for Chemistry and Physics respectively, for their discovery of the noble gases, and Ramsay served as SCI president from 1903-4.

Practical applications were soon found. Helium replaced the highly-flammable hydrogen for use in airships (though not the Hindenburg) and argon was used to conserve the filaments in light bulbs. Today, noble gases are used in lighting, welding, space exploration, deep-sea diving, where a helium-oxygen mix is favoured.

Source: Wikipedia and the Chemical Heritage Foundation/soci.org

Follow: http://polymerguru.blogspot.com

#chemistry #noblegas #argon #meteorology #helium #toluic #krypton #xenon #discovery #nobelprize

Braskem Partners with USP to Convert CO₂ into Raw Materials for Polyolefins

Braskem and the University of São Paulo (USP) announce a partnership to develop lines of research for converting CO2 into other chemical products.

CO2 is one of the greenhouse gases and among the biggest contributors to climate change. The project's mission is to deploy the technologies resulting from these lines of research to reuse CO2 to obtain chemical products such as #olefins and #alcohols, thus mitigating its emissions into the environment and using it as a raw material for the production of polyolefins.

Using Renewable Energy for CO2 Conversion:
The partnership with USP, through the Research Center for Greenhouse Gas Innovation (RCGI), which also includes the participation of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), focuses on studying innovative routes for CO2 conversion through both catalytic and electrocatalytic processes.

While in conventional processes in the chemical industry, catalysts (materials that trigger chemical reactions) are thermally activated, electrocatalysis uses electricity to activate them. As such, renewable energy can be used partially or fully for CO2 conversion.

The project, which started one year ago, considers a total period of five years for developments on a laboratory scale, with the possibility of extension based on the progress of research.

Braskem will contribute with investments and its expertise in industrial processes and will also monitor and guide the studies. The research groups from USP and UFSCar will coordinate and conduct the studies using state-of-the-art infrastructure at the laboratories and with assistance from multidisciplinary teams consisting of chemists, physicists, and engineers, among others, with various levels of academic qualifications.

Reducing GHG Emissions by 15% by 2030:
For Braskem, the partnership will also help it achieve its sustainable development targets, especially concerning reaching #carbonneutrality. The company expects to reduce its #greenhousegasemissions by 15% by 2030 and attain carbon neutrality by 2050.

Once developed, the technologies for converting CO2 through catalysis and electrocatalysis will be novel, innovative, and disruptive in a market that is increasingly demanding projects that help combat climate change.

“In recent years, #Braskem has signed several partnerships to study the possibilities and alternatives for using the #CO2 generated by its operations. Through this new project, the company expands its collaboration with academia and helps foster domestic research in partnership with major educational institutions across Brazil.We expect the initiative to bring benefits for the industry in terms of #CO2conversion and that we can learn and contribute by #mobilizing our expertise to scale up #sustainable solutions for #Brazil and the world,” he added.

Source: Braskem/Omnexus-specialchem