New Injection Molding Sensors Mend Process Deviations

Two new miniature #injectionmolding sensors will be showcased at the Kistler stand at #Fakuma in Friedrichshafen, Germany, from Oct. 17 to 21, 2023.

As more manufacturers embrace Industry 4.0 methods and equipment to drive #precision production with real-time process data, injection molding #sensors are an indispensable way to detect process deviations and adjust parameters.

The new #Kistler sensors are:

The 9239B miniature longitudinal measuring pin, which has a diameter of 2.5 mm, takes up little space when installed in an #injectionmold, and is protected against direct contact with the melt. Using a PiezoStar crystal grown by Kistler to measure pressure-induced compression of the mold during the process, this sensor measures cavity pressure indirectly. Capable of being mounted between 2 and 4 millimeters behind the cavity wall, this sensor is particularly valuable for the medical sector, as it leaves no marks on the manufactured plastic part.

The 4004A 3-mm-diameter melt pressure sensor can be used directly in injection nozzles and small extruders. With an operating and measuring range of up to 350°C, the 4004A allows manufacturers to implement quality control during high-temperature processing. The sensor is also suitable for #3Dprinting applications. For injection molding, the sensor is calibrated for a measuring range up to 2,500 bar, and for #additivemanufacturing up to 1,000 bar.

This level of precision in process monitoring is especially vital in the quest to create a robust circular economy, the company noted, especially as manufacturers use more recycled materials.

"It's clear that the use of recycled materials in #plastics manufacturing and processing will continue to increase," said Felix Früh, head of BU Plastics at Kistler. "But higher proportions of recycled material also have a negative impact on the stability of injection molding processes. The #viscosity of the melt changes, for example. Process monitoring systems based on cavity pressure detect these fluctuations immediately and compensate for them continuously during the process. This allows users to guarantee homogeneous part quality even if the material characteristics vary."

Additionally, Kistler will demonstrate firmware versions of its ComoNeo and ComoScout process monitoring systems, its Stasa QC Optimizer, and its AkvisIO IME (Injection Molding Edition) production data software.

Source:Plasticstoday/kistler

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Today's KNOWLEDGE Share :Stress-Cracking resistance in molded parts?

Today's KNOWLEDGE Share

Why would glass fibers possibly help with Stress-Cracking resistance in molded parts?

Fibers get strongly aligned in the flow direction by the shear stress, specifically in the frozen skin layers. The core section always shows some more orientation randomness. As a consequence a strong residual stress will appear, because the core "wants" to shrink more than the skin. This accounts easily for a 10-30 MPa stress in a stiff GF filled material (a fractional % of the modulus). The good news is that the core, desperately trying to shrink more, will put the skin under significant compression, protecting your part from Environmental Stress-Cracking, which can only operate in Tension.

Not very different from "rebars in concrete", if you see what I mean.

Source:Vito leo

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#plastics #polymerscience #injectionmolding #stresscrackingresistance #shrinkage #glassfiberfilled

Improving US air quality, equitably

Study finds climate policy alone cannot meaningfully reduce racial/economic disparities in air pollution exposure.

Decarbonization of national economies will be key to achieving global #netzero emissions by 2050, a major stepping stone to the Paris Agreement’s long-term goal of keeping global warming well below 2 degrees Celsius (and ideally 1.5 C), and thereby averting the worst consequences of climate change. Toward that end, the United States has pledged to reduce its #greenhousegasemissions by 50-52 percent from 2005 levels by 2030, backed by its implementation of the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act. This strategy is consistent with a 50-percent reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) by the end of the decade.

If U.S. federal #carbonpolicy is successful, the nation’s overall #airquality will also improve. Cutting #CO2emissions reduces atmospheric concentrations of air pollutants that lead to the formation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), which causes more than 200,000 premature deaths in the United States each year. But an average nationwide improvement in air quality will not be felt equally; #airpollution exposure disproportionately harms people of color and lower-income populations.

How effective are current federal #decarbonization policies in reducing U.S. racial and economic disparities in PM2.5 exposure, and what changes will be needed to improve their performance? To answer that question, researchers at MIT and Stanford University recently evaluated a range of policies which, like current U.S. federal carbon policies, reduce economy-wide CO2 emissions by 40-60 percent from 2005 levels by 2030. Their findings appear in an open-access article in the journal Nature Communications.

First, they show that a carbon-pricing policy, while effective in reducing PM2.5 exposure for all racial/ethnic groups, does not significantly mitigate relative disparities in exposure. On average, the white population undergoes far less exposure than Black, Hispanic, and Asian populations. This policy does little to reduce exposure disparities because the CO2 emissions reductions that it achieves primarily occur in the coal-fired electricity sector. Other sectors, such as industry and heavy-duty diesel transportation, contribute far more PM2.5-related emissions.

The researchers then examine thousands of different reduction options through an optimization approach to identify whether any possible combination of carbon dioxide reductions in the range of 40-60 percent can mitigate disparities. They find that that no policy scenario aligned with current U.S. #carbondioxide emissions targets is likely to significantly reduce current PM2.5 exposure disparities.

Source:MIT News

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Today's KNOWLEDGE Share :Henri Moissan-The Nobel Prize in 1906

Today's KNOWLEDGE Share

Henri Moissan-The Nobel Prize in 1906

Several generations of chemists had tried in vain to isolate #fluorine, notably by #electrolyzing phosphorus and arsenic fluorides, but Moissan was determined to find a way. His genius lay in the idea of turning the bath into a conductor by adding a molten potassium fluoride salt, KHF2. (Pure hydrogen fluoride, HF, could not suffice as its capacity as an electric conductor was too weak.) Moissan devised a platinum electrolyzer and lowered the reaction temperature of the electrolytic solution of HF + KHF2 to limit corrosion. The platinum electrolyzer was U-shaped and stopped with fluorite (CaF2) stoppers.The cathode and the anode were made of irridated platinum to provide better resistance to the fluorine. The traces of hydrogen fluoride were condensed at the end of the apparatus in a low-temperature trap and also by sodium fluoride. On June 28, 1886, a gaseous product was identified at the anode of the electrolyzer: Fluorine (F2) had been successfully isolated, thus resolving one of the most difficult challenges in the realm of #inorganicchemistry. The yellow-green gas obtained was highly toxic and proved to be a powerful oxidizing agent, causing organic materials to burst into flames on entering into contact with it and combining directly, and often violently, with almost all other elements.

Among his contributions to science, there is also his arc #furnace capable of reaching temperatures of 4,100 ° C, allowing the reduction of certain metals such as uranium, chromium, tungsten, vanadium, manganese, titanium and molybdenum.

Source:wiley.com

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DuPont’s EV Battery Adhesive Receives R&D100 Award

 DuPont announces that DuPont™ BETAMATE™ broad bake #adhesives for sustainable mass manufacturing of battery electric vehicles have won the 2023 R&D100 Awards in the Mechanical/Materials category.

The R&D 100 Awards, sponsored by R&D World Magazine, recognizes the 100 most innovative technologies of the previous year.

Offers Significant Energy Savings:

DuPont™ BETAMATE™ broad bake adhesives are a novel solution enabling sustainable #manufacturing of next-generation #electricvehicles through a significant reduction of the e-coat oven temperature. This solution provides significant energy savings while durably bonding the high mass underbody of EV body structures in the body shop.

In addition, BETAMATE™ broad bake adhesives provide excellent #corrosion resistance, enhance passenger safety, deliver high elastic modulus and tensile strength, maintaining the quality of the bond over the vehicle’s projected lifetime and with a #shelflife of at least six months.

“We’re honored to be recognized for our teams' unwavering commitment to excellence, helping our customers address their most pressing sustainability challenges – from clean water to #sustainable shelter to next-gen automotive,” said Alexa Dembek, #DuPont chief technology & sustainability officer. “Receiving these awards exemplifies the commitment and dedication our teams display every day to deliver essential innovations to thrive.”

Source: DuPont/specialchem

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Today's KNOWLEDGE Share:Global Energy Consumption

Today's KNOWLEDGE Share

Historical overview of the production and consumption of Energy around the world.

Here are some of the key takeaways :

● Fossil fuels are the world's primary source of energy, accounting for over 70% of global energy consumption.

● Natural gas is the fastest-growing fossil fuel, with production increasing by over 50% since 2000.

● Coal production has declined in recent years, due to the rise of natural gas and renewable energy sources.

● Renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydro have gained traction in recent years, and their share of global energy consumption is expected to continue to grow in the future.

Source:Omar Al Ajaji

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#energy #renewableenergy #future #solar #sustainability #climatechange #sustainabledevelopment #naturalgas

Toray and Honda to Validate Chemical Recycling of Reinforced PA6 Automotive Parts

Toray Industries, Inc., announced it signed an agreement with Honda Motor Co., Ltd., to jointly develop a chemical recycling technology for glass-fiber reinforced nylon 6 parts recovered from end-of-life vehicles.

The two have begun verifying this technology, which entails depolymerizing with subcritical water and regenerating the materials as caprolactam, a raw monomer.

Using Subcritical Water to Depolymerize Nylon 6:

The two companies focused on such subcritical water characteristics as its high permeability, dissolving power, and hydrolysis effect in resins in developing a technology that successfully depolymerizes nylon 6 with that water.

#Subcriticalwater is water at high temperatures and pressures. It is free of catalysts, additives do not affect it, and it can depolymerize nylon 6 in several dozen minutes to create high yields of raw monomer. Separating, refining, and repolymerizing that monomer makes it possible to regenerate nylon 6 that performs like a virgin material.

The Ministry of the Environment adopted this technology for a fiscal 2023 project to establish a decarbonized circular economy system, including to validate recycling systems for plastics and other resources. Toray and #Honda look to employ that project to set up a pilot facility with a processing capacity of 500 metric tons annually of raw resin, conducting validation testing with it.

To Broaden the Scope of their Technology:

The first step with this work is to recycle used #automotiveplastic parts into the same automotive materials. The two companies will develop depolymerization and #monomer separation and refining technologies by employing intake #manifolds as raw materials for engine intake system parts. They seek to apply these technologies for recycling chemicals in #automotive resin parts by around 2027.

Down the track, they look to broaden the scope of their chemical recycling technology to encompass apparel, films, and other non-automotive applications. They also envisage inviting other companies to take part in their effort and a set up a #chemicalrecycling scheme for #nylon6 in Japan. This endeavor would help realization a circular economy and cut #greenhousegasemissions.

One goal of the #Toray Group #Sustainability Vision for 2050 is to contribute to a world in in resources are sustainably managed. Toray will keep pursuing research and development to contribute to a sustainable, #circulareconomy and thereby realize its corporate philosophy of contributing to social progress by delivering new value while attaining sustainable growth.

Source: Toray/specialchem

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